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The term "proxy" refers to a proxy can also be described as a proxy server software that acts as a mediator between client and server over the internet. Without an intermediary the client would a request the resource directly to a server, and the server would then serve the resource directly back at the request of the customer. While this process is simple to grasp and use using proxies, it can provide benefits like increased speed and privacy, and many more. Apart from providing a layer of security they also act as a guardian for the internet between users and servers.

In general, the bundled package of server hardware with installed proxy software is commonly referred to as proxy servers. But, this article will concentrate on proxies traditionally defined as software, and also when referring to web servers. We will present a summary of the two principal types: one being one that is a forward proxy and the other being a reverse proxy. reverse proxy. Each type has a distinct use, which could be difficult due to the similar name-based convention.

This article will equip you with the knowledge of what proxy services and their subtypes, and the ways in which they can be beneficial for the most common setups. In this article, you'll in a position to recognize the scenarios where you could benefit from a proxy and choose the best option the case of forward or reverse proxy, in any circumstance.

Understanding Forward Proxies

Forward proxy, also referred to in the context of being an open proxy, also known as an open serves as the representative of a customer who wants to forward requests via the internet to an the server that created it. In this case, it's the scenario that all requests made by the client will be directed direct to the forward proxy. The forward proxy, acting in the place of the client, will look at the request. In the beginning, it will determine whether the client is authorized to make requests via this particular forward proxy. It will then either refuse requests or redirect them to the origin server. The client will not be allowed an internet connection directly; it is only able to access the information that the forward proxy permits the client to access.

A popular use for forward proxy is to provide more privacy or security on the internet. Forward proxy can access the internet as a client. In this way, it is using an additional IP address as opposed to the IP address of your client.

Depending on how it has been configured, based on the way it has been configured, forward proxy may perform a variety of tasks as well as the ability to:

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  Beware of Ad-trackers.
  
  
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  Circumvent surveillance.
  
  
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  You can spot limitations based on your geographic location.
  
  

Forward proxies are also used in systems of centralized security and access is based on permissions, for example in workplaces. If all internet traffic flows by an open forward proxy a administrator may limit access to specific clients to the internet through an common firewall. Instead of maintaining firewalls for the client layer that can include multiple machines that have different configurations and user the firewall can be installed at the forward proxy layer.

Keep in mind that forward proxies need to be manually set up to work the reverse proxy, while forward proxies may go unnoticed by the client. The type of IP address of the client, when it is sent to the origin server via forward proxy privacy and anonymity could be granted or left transparent.

There are a myriad of options to consider forward proxy options:

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  Apache: A popular open-source webserver that provides forward proxy capabilities.
  
  
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  Nginx A renowned open-source web server with forward proxy capabilities.
  
  
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  Squid: A free and Open Source Forward Proxy that utilizes an HTTP protocol. This doesn't offer an entire web server application. You can refer to our instructions on how to set up Squid proxy to permit private connections in Ubuntu 20.04.
  
  
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  Dante Forward Proxy that uses the SOCKS protocol instead HTTP which makes it better suited for certain scenarios like peer-topeer communication. It is also possible to learn how to configure Dante proxy to permit private connections with Ubuntu 20.04
  
  

Understanding Reverse Proxies

A reverse proxy acts as an agent for a server on the internet and handles any requests that come in from clients in its place. The web server can serve as a single server or a number of servers. It could also be used as an app server such as Gunicorn. In any of these situations, a request would come from a user who is on the internet generally. In most cases the request will be directed directly to a web server that holds all the resources the client seeks. A reverse proxy functions as an intermediary, protecting the webserver from direct contact with the open internet.

From the perspective of the user's perspective, the process of using reverse proxy isn't any different than working with a website server in direct contact. It's basically the same, but the client cannot tell the difference. The client sends the request to access a resource, which is followed by receiving it with no further configuration needed from the client.

Reverse proxy proxies are able to provide some features, including:

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  Secured centrally for Web Server Layer.
  
  
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  Directing incoming traffic based on rules that you establish.
  
  
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  The caching function was added to the application.
  
  

While centralized security is a benefit of both reverse and forward proxy services, reverse proxies give this benefit to Web layer servers and not to the client layer. instead of having to maintain firewalls at Web server layers that could include multiple servers with different configurations, most of firewall security is concentrated on the reverse proxy layer. Furthermore, removing the obligation to interface with a firewall and interfacing with requests made by clients through web servers allows them to concentrate on delivering resources.

If there are multiple servers working through a reverse proxy, it also manages the way requests are routed to which server. There are many web servers providing the exact same service, each serving various kinds of resources or a combination of both. These servers could use the HTTP protocol to perform the role of an ordinary web server however, they may also use application server protocols like FastCGI. It is possible to set up reverse proxy servers to direct users to specific servers according to the resource being requested or to follow certain rules for traffic load.

Reverse proxies also benefit from their positioning in front of web servers through the capability of caching. Massive static resources can be configured by caching rules so that they avoid having to contact web servers for every request. There are solutions that provide the option to directly serve static assets, without needing to connect to the web server at all. Furthermore, reverse proxy can handle compression of the assets.

The popular Nginx web server is a reliable reverse proxy service. You can also use Nginx, Apache web server, it also has reverse proxy, which is an added feature of Apache in contrast to Nginx was designed initially for and is focused on the reverse proxy function.

The difference between Forward Proxy and Reverse Proxy Use. Differentiating Forward and Reverse Proxy Utilization

Because "forward" and "reverse" are associated with directionality, and false connections to "incoming" and "outgoing" traffic the labels can be confusing as both types of proxies are able to handle requests as well as responses. Instead, a better way to differentiate between forward and reverse proxy providers is to look at the requirements of the app you're developing.

A reverse proxy is useful when you are developing a solution to serve web applications on the internet. They are your web servers for all interactions on the web.

Forward proxy applications are useful when they are employed in front of clients for personal use or in a workplace setting. They represent your client's internet traffic, for any internet-based interaction.

A case-based distinction instead of focusing solely on identical naming conventions will make it easier to avoid confusion.

Conclusion

The article clarified meaning of a proxy, with the two primary types of them being the forward proxy and the reverse proxy. Practical applications as well as a look at positive characteristics were utilized in defining forward proxy and reverse proxies. If you're interested in knowing more about how proxies are implemented, look into our tutorial on how to set up Nginx to act as an Internet server, and reverse proxy on Apache on one Ubuntu 20.04 Server.

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