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The term "proxy" is a reference to proxy servers. A proxy or proxy server. It is software that acts acting as a mediator between client and server via the internet. Without the proxy, a user would make a request to any resource directly to the server, and it would deliver the resource directly towards the customer. It's not hard to understand and implement. using proxies can provide benefits in the form of increased efficiency, privacy, security and more. As a pass-through layer proxies serve as a security barrier on the internet between servers and clients.

It is generally accepted that the collection of server hardware and proxy software installed is often referred to as proxy servers. This article will concentrate on proxy servers which are generally described as software as well as those that are used in conjunction with web servers. This article will give details of the two main types of proxy servers, specifically the forward proxy and reverse proxy. reverse proxy. Each kind has its own terminology that could be confusing due to the overlapping terminology.

This article will provide an idea of the nature of proxies and their subtypes and their significance in normal configurations. If you go through this article, you'll be able to discern the situations where an effective proxy can be advantageous, and decide on the most appropriate option between forward and reverse proxy in any circumstance.

Understanding Forward Proxies

Also, a forward proxy sometimes referred to as open proxy open proxy is an agent for the user trying to transmit the request online an origin server. In this scenario, every attempt to send requests made by the client will rather be directed via an forward proxy. In this scenario the forward proxy, acting in the client's stead, will look into the request. In the beginning it will determine if clients are authorized send requests to this particular forward proxy. It will then either reject requests or redirect them to the source server. The client does not have direct access to the internet and has access to only what the forward proxy allows it to connect to.

The most popular reason to use forward proxies is more privacy or protection on the internet. A forward proxy connects to the internet for an individual client and when it does this it could make use of an IP address that is distinct from the original IP address used by the client.

Depending on the method by which it's setup the forward proxy may provide a variety of functions as well as the capability of:

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  Beware of ads-trackers.
  
  
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  Circumvent surveillance.
  
  
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  You can determine restrictions based on where you live.
  
  

Forward proxies are also utilized in systems that provide central security, as well as access based on permissions, such as, in a workplace. When all internet traffic goes through an open forward proxy layer, administrators are able to permit only a few clients connection to internet which is filtered by an common firewall. Instead of establishing firewalls for clients, that could be used by multiple computers that have different configurations, environments A firewall could be put in this forward proxy layer.

Keep in mind Forward proxy servers must be manually setup before they can be used while reverse proxy servers could be disregarded by clients. Based on whether or not your IP address is transmitted to the origin server by the forward proxy, privacy and anonymity may be granted or hidden from view.

There are a myriad of choices to consider when it comes to forward proxy options.

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  Apache The Apache is a well-known open source web server which provides forward proxy capabilities.
  
  
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  Nginx: Another popular open-source web server with forward proxy capabilities.
  
  
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  Squid is an open source forward proxy that uses an HTTP protocol. Squid doesn't have the full web server system. We recommend you read our guide on the best method of installing Squid proxy to connect private networks on Ubuntu 20.04.
  
  
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  Dante forward proxy which runs on the SOCKS protocol, instead of HTTP this makes it better suited for scenarios such as peer-to-peer connections. You could also look into how to set up Dante proxy to allow secure connections within Ubuntu 20.04
  
  

Understanding Reverse Proxies

A reverse proxy serves as an agent for a web server. It manages requests received by customers on its behalf. The web server may function as a single server or a number of servers. It can also contain an application server like Gunicorn. In either of these scenarios the request might come from a user on the internet. In most cases, the request will be sent directly to the web server that holds the data the client is asking for. Contrarily, a reverse proxy acts as an intermediary that isolates the server from direct contact with the open internet.

From the point of view of the user, working with reverse proxy isn't different from the interaction directly with an internet server. It's the same thing but clients aren't able to tell the distinction. The client asks for the resource, and is then provided with it, without any further configuration required from the user.

Reverse proxy providers provide features like:

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  Centralized security to web server.
  
  
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  The direction of traffic coming in is by rules you can establish.
  
  
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  Additional functions to cache data.
  
  

Central security is a benefit of both forward and reverse proxy, reverse proxies add this benefit to the layer that is on the webserver and not the client layer. Instead of focusing on sustaining firewalls on the server level which could comprise several servers with various configurations, the bulk of firewall security can be concentrated on the reverse proxy layer. In addition, removing the responsibility of communicating with firewalls as well as communicating requests by clients away from web servers enables the firewall to concentrate on providing the required resources.

If there are multiple servers operating in a reverse proxy the reverse proxy may also be responsible for directing which requests go towards which servers. There could be multiple web servers operating from the same host, serving different types of resources or a combination of the two. These servers use their HTTP protocol to perform the role of a normal web server. They can also be equipped with other protocols for application servers like FastCGI. You can create reverse proxy servers to direct clients to specific servers based on the resource being requested or to follow certain guidelines regarding the traffic load.

Reverse proxies can also be able to take advantage of their location prior to web servers using caching features. Massive static resources can be configured with caching policies to avoid hitting web servers with each request. Certain solutions allowing you to serve static content directly, without needing to connect to the web server in any way. In addition the reverse proxy can be capable of compressing these assets.

The popular Nginx web server also functions as a reliable reverse proxy solution. Even though Apache is also a reverse proxy solution however, this Apache webserver also comes with reverse proxy functions, which is an additional option for Apache however Nginx was initially designed for and concentrates specifically on reverse proxy capabilities.

Distinguishing Forward and Reverse Proxy Use Cases

Since "forward" and "reverse" are associated with the notion of directionality and false comparisons with "incoming" and "outgoing" traffic, the names could be confusing since both types of proxy are able to handle requests as well as respond. The best method to distinguish between both forward and reverse proxy services is to consider the needs of the application that you are developing.

A reverse proxy could be beneficial when you're developing an application that can serve web applications on the internet. They serve as your web servers in all interactions on the Internet.

A forward proxy is helpful when used in front of clients for personal use or in a professional setting. They act as a representative of your customers for any interaction on the internet.

A case-based distinction instead of focusing on common naming conventions will help you in avoiding confusion.

Conclusion

This article will explain what a "proxy" is and the two major types of proxies being the forward proxy and reverse proxy. Practical scenarios for use and a look at useful features were utilized to differentiate different types of proxies both reverse and forward. If you're interested exploring how to set up proxies, check out our guide on how to configure Nginx as a web server and reverse proxy to Apache on an Ubuntu 20.04 Server.

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